|
|
Essential Oils
Essential oils are concentrated oils found in leaves,
flowers, fruits, seeds, wood, resin, bark and roots of
aromatic plants. These oils are embedded within minute
glands of the plant which evaporate to release a
protective aroma around the plant and help insulate heat
to protect from extreme temperature variations. The
released aroma helps fight bacteria and fungi.
As
ancient cultures have long known, essential oils also
carry therapeutic qualities. Essential oils were
rigorously used in Ancient Greece, Egypt, Middle East
and India for medicines, body perfumes and food
preservatives. The Ancient Greek physician Theophrastus
wrote a study on these oils entitled “Concering Odours”.
His work laid the groundwork for what today is called
Aromatherapy. The French chemist’s Professor
Rene-Maurice Gattefosse work on essential oils catalyzed
the modern revival of this type of therapy, and has
become very popular within the last century. For
example, Lavender oil was used as an antiseptic in WWI
and tea tree oil used extensively as an anti-septic in
WWII.
Essential oils are extracted using complex and
expensive processes. Most oils are either extracted
using a sequence of distillation processes or by
enfleurage. These methods are resource, labor and time
intensive and require expert skill and equipment to
execute. The amount of material needed to extract minute
amounts of oil are huge. For example, it takes 250
pounds (115kg) of rose petals to produce 1 fl oz (25 ml)
of essential oil. For these reasons essential oils can
be rather expensive.
When
purchasing these oils, you should take care to not buy
oils that have been displayed in hot or sun exposed
environments. Essential oils should always be in dark
airtight containers stored at a low temperatures (i.e.
approx. 65ºF / 18ºC). Oils in clear glass containers
should be avoided if possible. Many retailers label oils
as “aromatherapy oils” which usually indicate that only
a small volume of the liquid consists of the essential
oil (e.g. like 2 %) and the remainder consists of a
carrier oil (see below for carrier oils). Ideally, you
should buy bottles of 100% essential oil to allow
maximum flexibility for constructing custom blends. You
will also need to acquire carrier oils for proper
application.
The
below table lists various essential oils and their
properties.
Essential Oil Index
|
Essential Oil
|
Properties
|
Used to treat
|
Blends best with
|
|
Basil
|
Uplifting, energizing, antidepressant
|
Anxiety, concentration, digestion,
headaches, respiratory problems
|
Bergamot, geranium, hyssop, neroli,
marjoram, Melissa, lavender. |
|
Benzoin
|
Penetrating, warming
|
Stimulates circulation, aids respiration,
soothes irritated skin, reduces nervous
tension. |
Cinnamon, coriander, cypress, jasmine,
lemon, myrrh, rose, sandalwood.
|
|
Bergamont
|
Fresh, uplifting, antiseptic
|
Anxiety, depression, helps appetite, helps
digestion, soothes lungs, oily skin.
|
Chamomile, coriander, cypress, geranium,
jasmine, lavender, lemon, neroli,
ylang-ylang. |
|
Black pepper
|
Light, stimulating
|
Stimulates circulation, digestion, colds,
coughs, muscular aches and pains.
|
Cypress, frankincense, sandalwood, spice
oils. |
|
Camphor
|
Cooling, highly stimulating
|
Depression, insomnia, shock, digestion,
respiratory problems, oily skin, acne
|
Frankincense, neroli.
|
|
Cedarwood
|
Sedative, antiseptic, insect repellant.
|
Anxiety, cystitis, all lung conditions,
acne, dandruff |
Bergamot, cypress, jasmine, juniper, neroli,
rosemary. |
|
Chamomile
|
Refreshing, relaxing, pain reliever for
small aches. |
Depression, insomnia, digestion problems,
menstrual problems, skin conditions.
|
Benzoin, bergamot, geranium, lavender,
lemon, marjoram, neroli, rose, ylang-ylang.
|
|
Clary sage
|
Warming, soothing, nerve tonic.
|
Depression, insomnia, sore throat,
digestion, menstruation, dry skin, insect
bites. |
Bergamot, cedar wood, citrus oils, cypress,
geranium, jasmine, juniper, lavender,
sandalwood. |
|
Cypress
|
Relaxing, refreshing, astringent
|
Circulation, influenza, laryngitis, muscular
cramps, mature skin. |
Benzoin, bergamot, clary sage, juniper,
lavender, lemon, orange, sandalwood.
|
|
Eucalyptus
|
Stimulating, antiseptic, anti-viral, insect
repellant |
Diarrhea, colds, viruses, respiratory
problems, aches and pains, cuts and wounds.
|
Benzoin, hyssop, lavender, lemon,
lemongrass, Melissa, pine, rose.
|
|
Frankincense
|
Warming, relaxing, tonic
|
Respiratory problems, aging skin,
inflammation, wounds |
All oils
|
|
Geranium
|
Refreshing, relaxing, astringent, insect
repellent |
Nervous system, digestion, liver and kidney
problems, menstrual problems, normalizes and
cleanses skin |
All oils
|
|
Jasmine
|
Relaxing, sedative
|
Depression, uterine pain, respiratory
problems, sensitive skin. |
All oils
|
|
Juniper
|
Tonic, antiseptic, diuretic.
|
Depression, respiratory problems, eczema,
acne, muscle aches. |
Bergamont, citrus oils, cypress, geranium,
lavender, rosemary, sandalwood.
|
|
Lavender
|
Refreshing, soothing, antiseptic, insect
repellant, relieves sharp pains
|
Insomnia, circulation problems, indigestion,
headaches, infections, muscular pains, cell
renewal. |
Most oils, especially citrus, chamomile,
clary sage, geranium, pine, rosemary.
|
|
Lemon
|
Refreshing, invigorating, antiseptic, insect
repellant |
Circulation, respiratory problems, sore
throats, oily skin, broken capillaries.
|
Benzoin, chamomile, eucalyptus, fennel,
frankincense, geranium, juniper, neroli,
ylang-ylang. |
|
Lemongrass
|
Toning, revitalizing, antiseptic
|
Circulation, digestion, muscle tone, acne,
oily skin. |
Basil, geranium, jasmine, lavender.
|
|
Marojoram
|
Calming, warming.
|
Tension, insomnia, high blood pressure,
digestion problems, colds, headaches,
muscular cramps, respiratory problems.
|
Bergamot, chamomile, cypress, lavender,
rosemary. |
|
Melissa
|
Refreshing, anti-depressant
|
Tension, neuralgia, digestion, fevers,
painful menstruation, respiratory problems.
|
Geranium, juniper, neroli, ylang-ylang.
|
|
Neroli
|
Ambrosial, antiseptic
|
Anxiety, insomnia, diarrhea, rejuvenates
skin. |
Most oils
|
|
Peppermint
|
Invigorating, antiseptic, pain reliever.
|
Fatigue, shock, digestion, travel sickness,
headaches, toothache, skin irritations.
|
In
small quantities with benzoin, black pepper,
Melissa, marjoram, spice oils.
|
|
Rose
|
Relaxing, anti-depressant, astringent,
antiseptic |
Stress, circulation, digestion, headaches,
for all skins. |
Most oils.
|
|
Rosemary
|
Toning, invigorating, insect repellant
|
Fatigue, circulation, digestion, headaches,
muscular pains, respiratory problems.
|
Basil, cedar wood, frankincense, lavender,
lemon, peppermint. |
|
Sage
|
Soothing, tonic, antiseptic
|
Fatigue, low blood pressure, respiratory
problems, clears skin, firms tissue.
|
Bergamot, hyssop, lemon, lavender, Melissa,
peppermint, rosemary. |
|
Sandalwood
|
Calming, antiseptic
|
Fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, respiratory
problems, dry skin. |
Benzoin, black pepper, cypress,
frankincense, jasmine, lemon, myrrh, neroli,
ylang-ylang. |
|
Thyme
|
Stimulant, antiseptic, nerve tonic.
|
Fatigue, depression, circulation problems,
headaches, digestion problems, colds and
respiratory problems, muscular pain.
|
Bergamot, citrus oils, Melissa, rosemary.
|
|
Ylang-ylang
|
Sedative, antiseptic, antidepressant
|
Anxiety, insomnia, frustration, regulates
circulation. |
Most oils.
|
Essential oils are highly potent and are used in drops.
When these oils are applied to skin areas they tend to
rapidly evaporate due to the surrounding air exposure.
This evaporation prevents adequate absorption and
provides little benefit. To facilitate adequate
absorption, it is necessary to dilute these drops into
something called a “carrier oil”. Carrier oils are
lubricating oils used in massage to allow smooth gliding
of the hands over the skin. Good carrier oils are 100%
pure, have penetrative qualities and should have little
or no smell. Below are lists of carrier oils:
|
Carrier Oil Index
|
|
Almond Oil: Has little smell,
penetrative, contains proteins as is
emollient and slow to become rancid. The mot
popular carrier oil.
Apricot
Kernel and Peach kernel oils: Same as
almond oil but more expensive.
Jojoba
oil: Gives a silky smooth finish, not
oily or greasy, very fine and clear. Also
treats acne.
Sunflower oils: Evaporates faster
than other oils but contains vitamin F. An
acceptable carrier oil.
|
Grapeseed oil: Gives a silky smooth
finish, not oily or greasy, very fine and
clear.
Hazelnut
oil: Most effective and deep
penetration. Stimulates circulation.
Olive
oil: Has claming qualities, relieves
itching and skin ailments, good for
rheumatism, overpowering scent.
Carrot
oil: Is a tonic and rejuvenating, good
for neck massages. Contains many vitamins.
|
Essential oils can be used in 2 ways.
- Aromatherapy: this
consists of using essential oils in lotions and
inhalants to affect mood and promote health. Using
essential oils in baths is the most common
technique. This type of therapy can be executed with
small amounts of carrier oil. Another more effective
technique is to inhale an essential oil blend by
mixing it with boiling water and inhaling the steam.
Using a towel over the head to trap the steam is a
common technique. Purchasing a steam inhaler device
is another very effective technique although care
must be taken to ensure the oil blend is not overly
potent.
- Massage:
this consists of constructing a blend of essential
oils combined with a carrier oil and applying onto
the skin via massage. The purpose of this therapy is
to absorb the oils directly into the system through
the skin. Adequate absorption requires mixing a
carrier oil. Massaging an appropriate essential oil
blend onto the hands and forearms can bring relief
to and help cure to RSI.
IMPORTANT: Essential oils should never be consumed
internally. They should never be swallowed, or applied
to large, open wounds. Some oils are highly potent and
can cause serious illness and even death if consumed
internally.
When
constructing a therapeutic essential oil blend, you
should adequately dilute your blend into a selected
carrier oil. The mixing ratio is left to your own
discretion, but a 10% essential oil, 90% carrier oil can
be a good start.
In
the context of repetitive strain injuries, essential
oils can provide relief and help cure as some RSI
sufferers have claimed. The following blend was
constructed from discussions with RSI sufferers (and
improved through research). The blend relieves muscle
aches, relieves muscle tension, helps repair muscle
tissue, improves blood circulation and relieves stress
and anxiety.
RSI Essential Oil Blend
|
Oil
|
Drops / treatment
|
|
Lavender
|
9
|
|
Black Pepper
|
7
|
|
Eucalyptus
|
5
|
|
Rosemary
|
5
|
|
Juniper
|
3
|
|
Cypress
|
3
|
|
Lemongrass
|
3
|
|
Camphor
|
3
|
|
Marojoram
|
3
|
|
Benzoin
|
3
|
|
Bergamont
|
3
|
| |
|
|
Carrier oil: Almond oil
Mix ratio: 10% essential oil, 90% carrier oil.
Application instructions:
- Apply to front
and back of hands and wrists.
- Apply to inner
and outer forearms.
- Apply on both
arms and hands.
- Massage areas
after application for 2 minutes.
For
other conditions the following blends can be used.
|
Blends for
other symptoms |
|
Anxiety:
Jasmine, lavender, marojoram, nerolim, basil,
bergamont, camphor, chamomile, frankincense,
geranium, juniper, melissa, rose, sandalwood.
Muscle stiffness:
Rosemary, thyme.
Arthritis:
Benzoin, chamomile, cypress, sage, juniper,
lemon, thyme.
Insomnia:
Basil, chamomile, clary sage, juniper, lavender,
marjoram, neroli, rose, sandalwood, ylang-ylang.
Shock:
Camphor, Melissa, neroli, peppermint.
|
Depression:
Camphor, chamomile, jasmine, thyme, basil,
bergamot, clarysage, cypress, geranium.
Muscle tone:
Lavender, lemongrass, rosemary, black pepper.
Poor circulation: Black pepper, juniper, cypress, marjoram, lavender.
Itching skin:
Chamomile, cedar wood.
Muscular aches:
Eucalyptus, lavender, rosemary, black pepper.
Colds:
Lemon, pine, orange, tea trea.
|
Mental fatigue:
Cypress, peppermint, sage.
Stress:
Neroli, cedar wood, juniper.
Nervousness &
panic:
Basil, bergamont,
cedar wood, chamomile, geranium, juniper,
lavender, marjoram, Melissa, neroli, rose,
thyme.
Over-exertion: Basic, lavender.
Bruises:
Hyssop, calendula, fennel
Indigestion:
Bergamont, chamomile, fennel, peppermint,
rosemary, sage. |
|